June 17, 2025

Guest Author: Grant Bourzikas, CSO, Cloudflare

In today’s hyperconnected world, cybersecurity has become a critical battleground for organizations of all sizes. In fact, the digital threat landscape continues to expand at an alarming rate. Threat actors are increasingly leveraging automation and AI to launch attacks of unprecedented scale and sophistication.

As Cloudflare’s Chief Security Officer (CSO), I witnessed this firsthand when we mitigated the three largest DDoS attacks ever recorded within a six-week span late last year. The largest being a record-breaking 5.6 Terabit per second (Tbps) attack. This is merely one example of today’s more rapid, massive, and complex attacks, targeting organizations’ most critical infrastructure.

The evolving role of a CISO

My mission is to protect Cloudflare as an organization and to support our customers in staying one step ahead of threat actors. As a CISO in 2025, I believe our role is evolving to:

• Match the accelerating pace of technological change 
• Prepare for increasingly sophisticated cyber threats
• Represent cybersecurity’s impact on our organization and overall business strategy

The CISO is no longer just a technical gatekeeper focused on firewalls and compliance checklists. The role has become a hybrid leadership position that bridges security, business objectives, and even societal or economic outcomes.

Consolidating to drive down costs

Every year security leaders are asked to do more with less. As economic uncertainty persists, budget constraints have each of us critically analyzing our security stack for value and simplicity. Everyone is looking for strategies that not only reduce costs, but reduce complexity and increase your posture by removing room for human error.

The CISOs who I see succeed in this environment have built programs based on simplification. Cloud migrations and zero trust architecture implementations have many people asking if those transformations delivered on the promise of simplification and scale.

What’s clear across the security community is that the traditional approach of layering point solutions is not sustainable. Security leaders need integrated platforms that reduce complexity but also provide comprehensive protection and visibility. This is precisely why I joined Cloudflare — to help build innovative solutions for today’s threat landscape and the future, not the threat landscape from five years ago.

What should CISOs prioritize in 2025?

As CSO, I’ve had the privilege of collaborating with world-class security leaders who are navigating the dynamic threat and regulatory landscape. Through meaningful exchanges at forums like the World Economic Forum at Davos, RSA, and Black Hat, I’ve gained useful perspectives on the shared difficulties we encounter handling today’s security needs:

• Complexity: Complexity has become the enemy of security. Teams are struggling with fragmented technology stacks, multi-cloud environments and continued gaps in security talent. Situational awareness is limited, disparate systems increase operational overhead, and the ability to modernize becomes daunting.
• Artificial Intelligence: AI presents both opportunity and risk. Organizations are racing to leverage AI faster than they can train their workforce to mitigate the unique risks AI introduces. Security teams are being asked to secure AI models to protect sensitive data and support operational stability, all on constrained budgets and resources.
• Security blind spots: Digital transformation, shadow IT, and AI have created blind spots and security gaps as IT teams struggle to both enable remote and distributed teams and maintain visibility across on-prem, hybrid, and cloud environments.
• Trusted vendors: Supply chain security incidents increase year over year. Recent high-profile incidents have demonstrated how vulnerabilities in third-party components can cascade through the digital ecosystem. Security teams now have to account for risks beyond their perimeter and across each technology stack dependency.
• Detection velocity: Threat actors often lurk in your environment far too long. Despite investments in monitoring and detection technologies, the average dwell time for attackers still exceeds industry targets. Security leaders are frustrated that sophisticated adversaries can operate undetected within networks for extended periods of time.

The new CISO playbook

To effectively address these evolving challenges, CISOs must develop targeted strategies that transform security from a technical function to a business enabler. The way I see it, there are five critical actions that can define successful security leadership in 2025:

• Consolidate your security stack: Replace fragmented point solutions with integrated platforms that close visibility gaps.
• Implement AI security governance: Invest in AI-driven security tools while creating frameworks to mitigate AI-generated threats.
• Adopt continuous threat hunting: Move beyond passive monitoring to actively search for indicators of compromise, as threats get more complex and harder to detect.
• Control shadow Technology: Implement automated discovery tools to detect unauthorized applications and create secure alternatives.
• Develop business-focused risk metrics: Create dashboards that translate technical vulnerabilities into clear business impact.

Making security data meaningful to executive leadership and boards

Taking these steps requires more than just technical solutions—it demands executive alignment and board-level understanding. Yet this remains one of the most difficult aspects of the CISO role. While we’re tackling sophisticated threats and complex technical challenges, we must simultaneously translate these efforts into language that resonates with business leaders.

C-suite executives and boards often must balance urgent concerns against a long-term security strategy. The technical complexity of security data adds to this struggle. Most executive leaders lack deep expertise in the field, making it difficult to translate jargon-heavy reports into specific business goals.

Effective executive communication means translating internal security capabilities and external threat intelligence into a clear, comprehensive narrative that resonates with business priorities. When given context, security metrics evolve from abstract numbers into practical insights that inform decisions. Rather than emphasizing isolated data points, communication should reveal their business relevance—how security posture affects operations, financial outcomes, and reputation.

The bottom line

In 2025’s threat landscape, security isn’t a technical function—it’s a business imperative. The CISOs who win will be those who speak the language of business, fight complexity with simplicity, and turn security from a cost center into a value driver. When every organization is a target, security leadership becomes the ultimate differentiator between those who thrive and those who merely survive.

Take action: CISOs are masters of balance and adaptability, helping their organization minimize risk and preserve trust in the face of a complex threat landscape. Explore insights and solutions for reducing cyber risk and improving threat visibility.

Further reading:

• Learn how to prepare for the secure deployment of AI capabilities across the enterprise in ensuring safe AI practices guide for CISOs
• Threat insights for CISO’s from Cloudflare’s global network