导语:对于Sophos UTM设备,在web管理页面中,Last WebAdmin Sessions会记录用户每次登录的信息,本文仅在技术研究的角度介绍清除指定Last WebAdmin Sessions记录的方法,记录研究细节。
0x00 前言
对于Sophos UTM设备,在web管理页面中,Last WebAdmin Sessions会记录用户每次登录的信息,本文仅在技术研究的角度介绍清除指定Last WebAdmin Sessions记录的方法,记录研究细节。
0x01 简介
本文将要介绍以下内容:
· 研究过程
· 实现方法
0x02 Last WebAdmin Sessions简介
在web管理页面中,选中Management后会显示Last WebAdmin Sessions记录,如下图:
记录包括以下内容:
· User:登录用户名
· Start:登录时间
· State:退出时间
· IP address:登录IP
· Changelog:修改的配置
对于Changelog,点击Show,会显示修改的配置,如下图
默认配置下,Last WebAdmin Sessions会显示最近的20条记录。
0x03 研究过程
1.尝试修改/var/confd/var/storage/cfg
在上篇文章《Sophos UTM利用分析——导出配置文件》提到,/var/confd/var/storage/cfg存储Sophos UTM的配置信息,所以猜测通过修改/var/confd/var/storage/cfg文件可以实现Last WebAdmin Sessions记录的清除。
/var/confd/var/storage/cfg的文件格式为Perl Storable files,这里使用StorableEdit来编辑文件。
向Sophos UTM上传文件storableedit-1.5.pl,执行命令:
./storableedit-1.5.pl cfg
结果如下图:
解析出的文件结构同使用SophosUTM_ConfigParser.py导出的结果一致。
查看配置信息,命令如下:
cd lastchange cd REF_AaaGroGroup1 ls
将所有属性置空,命令如下:
$cur->{'user'} = '',$cur->{'time'} = '',$cur->{'sid'} = '',$cur->{'srcip'} = ''
保存文件,命令如下:
x
然而,修改cfg文件后不会影响Last WebAdmin Sessions记录。
2.反编译web管理页面的源码
web管理页面的程序文件路径:/var/sec/chroot-httpd/var/webadmin/webadmin.plx
使用SophosUTM_plxDecrypter.py反编译/var/sec/chroot-httpd/var/webadmin/webadmin.plx
定位到关键文件:export-webadmin.plx\wfe\asg\modules\asg_dashboard.pm
定位到关键内容:my $userlog = $sys->userlog_read(max => 20, facility => 'webadmin,acc-agent,acc_sso') || [];
如下图:
从输出结果中定位到关键函数:userlog_read
3.定位关键函数userlog_read
google搜索$sys->userlog_read,找到一份参考文档:https://community.sophos.com/utm-firewall/astaroorg/f/asg-v8-000-beta-closed/69661/7-920-bug-open-failed-smtp-relay-login-is-showing-up-on-last-webadmin-logins
文档中有关于userlog_read的一些描述,如下图:
从描述得出,userlog_read同cc命令存在关联。
4.反编译cc命令对应的进程
cc命令对应的文件为/var/confd/confd.plx,使用SophosUTM_plxDecrypter.py反编译/var/confd/confd.plx
5.获得函数userlog_read细节
搜索userlog_read相关内容,命令如下:
grep -iR "userlog_read" /home/kali/1/decrypt/Export-confd.plx
输出结果如下图:
从输出结果中定位关键文件:Export-confd.plx/Info/webadmin/log.pm
定位到函数定义:
sub userlog_read { my ($self, %args) = @_; $args{max} = $args{sid} ? 1 : $args{max} || 20; $args{facility} = { map {($_ => 1)} split /,/, $args{facility} } if $args{facility}; my $sessions; $sessions = _consult_db($self, \%args) unless $self->get(qw(reporting userlog_from_logs)); $sessions = _iterate_files($self, \%args) unless ref $sessions eq 'ARRAY'; foreach my $sd (@$sessions) { $sd->{state} = (-e "$config::session_dir/$sd->{sid}" ? 'active' : 'ended') if ! $sd->{state} || $sd->{state} eq 'active'; } return $sessions; }
6.函数userlog_read代码分析
代码涉及两个操作,分别为读取数据库和读取文件,详情如下:
(1)数据库操作
关键代码:
sub _consult_db { my ($self, $args) = @_; my $facility_selection = ''; $facility_selection = 'WHERE facility in ('. join( ',', map { '?' } keys %{$args->{facility}} ).') ' if $args->{facility}; my %sql = ( sessions => 'SELECT sid, facility, srcip, username, time, endtime, state ' .'FROM confd_sessions '.$facility_selection .'ORDER BY time DESC LIMIT ?', session => 'SELECT sid, facility, srcip, username, time, endtime, state ' .'FROM confd_sessions WHERE sid = ?', nodes => 'SELECT * FROM confd_nodes WHERE sid = $1 ORDER BY time DESC', objects => 'SELECT * FROM confd_objects WHERE sid = $1 ORDER BY time DESC', ); # Prepare database access. my $db = Astaro::ADBS->new(dbName => 'reporting') or return; while (my ($key, $query) = each %sql) { $db->registerSQL($key, $query) or return; } # List Confd sessions. my $sessh; if ($args->{sid}) { $sessh = $db->getHandle('session') or return; $sessh->execute($args->{sid}) or return; } elsif( $args->{facility} ) { $sessh = $db->getHandle('sessions') or return; $sessh->execute(keys %{$args->{facility}}, $args->{max}) or return; } else { $sessh = $db->getHandle('sessions') or return; $sessh->execute($args->{max}) or return; } my $sessions = $sessh->fetchall_arrayref({}); my $nodeh = $db->getHandle('nodes') or return; my $objh = $db->getHandle('objects') or return; foreach my $sd (@$sessions) { # Tweak session data. $sd->{time} =~ tr/- /:-/; $sd->{endtime} =~ tr/- /:-/ if defined $sd->{endtime}; $sd->{user} = delete $sd->{username}; # user is a reserved word in SQL $sd->{user} .= ' (SUM)' if $sd->{facility} eq 'acc_sso'; $sd->{user} = utils::Sanitize::sanitize($sd->{user}) if $sd->{user}; # Fetch node changes. $nodeh->execute($sd->{sid}) or return; foreach my $node (@{ $nodeh->fetchall_arrayref({}) }) { $node->{time} =~ tr/- /:-/; $node->{node_descr} = Message::get_phrase( 'N', $node, { Nattrs => ['node'] }); $sd->{main}{$node->{node}} ||= []; push @{$sd->{main}{$node->{node}}}, $node; } # Fetch object changes. $objh->execute($sd->{sid}) or return; foreach my $object (@{ $objh->fetchall_arrayref({}) }) { my $attrs = $object->{attrs} || []; $object->{attributes} = []; while (@$attrs) { my $name = shift @$attrs; $object->{"attr_$name"} = shift @$attrs; $object->{"oldattr_$name"} = shift @$attrs; $object->{"descr_$name"} = Message::get_phrase( 'A', $object, { attr => $name }); push @{$object->{attributes}}, $name; } delete $object->{attrs}; if (@{$object->{attributes}}) { $object->{attributes} = [ sort @{$object->{attributes}} ]; } else { delete $object->{attributes}; } $object->{time} =~ tr/- /:-/; $object->{obj_descr} = Message::get_phrase('O', $object, {}); $sd->{objects}{$object->{ref}} ||= []; push @{$sd->{objects}{$object->{ref}}}, $object; } } $db->disconnect; return $sessions; }
代码分析:
从数据库reporting中分别执行以下操作实现数据读取:
sessions: SELECT sid,facility,srcip,username,time,endtime,state FROM confd_sessions; nodes: SELECT * FROM confd_nodes; objects: SELECT * FROM confd_objects;
经过测试分析,confd_sessions存储Session信息。
读取Session信息的cmd命令:
psql reporting -U postgres -c 'SELECT sid,facility,srcip,username,time,endtime,state FROM confd_sessions;'
(2)文件操作
关键代码:
sub _iterate_files { my ($self, $args) = @_; # choose the first file to process my $filename = '/var/log/confd.log'; if (defined $args->{time}) { my @then; if ($args->{time} =~ /^(\d{4}):(\d\d):(\d\d)/) { @then = (0, 0, 12, $3, $2-1, $1-1900); } else { @then = localtime($args->{time}); } my $then = POSIX::strftime('%F', @then); my $now = POSIX::strftime('%F', localtime); $filename = POSIX::strftime( '/var/log/confd/%Y/%m/confd-%Y-%m-%d.log.gz', @then, ) if $then ne $now; } # process the first file my $sessions = []; my $sdata = {}; _parse_file($self, $filename, $sessions, $sdata, $args); # if needed, process archived log files if (@$sessions < $args->{max} && not $args->{time}) { my $iter = File::Next::files({ file_filter => sub { /\.log\.gz$/ }, sort_files => \&File::Next::sort_reverse, }, '/var/log/confd'); while (@$sessions < $args->{max}) { $filename = $iter->(); last unless defined $filename; my @new_sessions; _parse_file($self, $filename, \@new_sessions, $sdata, $args); push @$sessions, @new_sessions; } } # limit the number of sessions to report on splice @$sessions, $args->{max} if @$sessions >= $args->{max}; return [ @{$sdata}{@$sessions} ]; }
代码分析:
读取文件/var/log/confd.log,/var/log/confd.log只能保存现在时间到之前一段时间的日志,更早时间的日志会保存在/var/log/confd/%Y/%m/confd-%Y-%m-%d.log.gz,例如2022年5月16日的日志对应位置为/var/log/confd/2022/05/confd-2022-05-16.log.gz
经过测试分析,/var/log/confd.log存储Session信息。
7.编辑文件中存储的Session信息
查看登录成功的信息:
cat /var/log/confd.log| grep success
返回结果示例:
2022:05:23-00:19:33 test confd[41177]: I Role::authenticate:185() => id="3106" severity="info" sys="System" sub="confd" name="authentication successful" user="admin" srcip="192.168.1.2" sid="8ad7bbf2781b006d99176eea9050694811e745e04acfab3dd0179620109a41ab" facility="webadmin" client="webadmin.plx" call="new"May 23 00:19:33 confd[41177]: D sys::AUTOLOAD:307() => id="3100" severity="debug" sys="System" sub="confd" name="external call" user="admin" srcip="192.168.1.2" facility="webadmin" client="webadmin.plx" lock="none" method="get_SID"
从结果中获得sid为8ad7bbf2781b006d99176eea9050694811e745e04acfab3dd0179620109a41ab
筛选出指定sid的信息:
cat /var/log/confd.log| grep 8ad7bbf2781b006d99176eea9050694811e745e04acfab3dd0179620109a41ab
返回结果示例:
2022:05:23-00:19:33 test confd[41177]: I Role::authenticate:185() => id="3106" severity="info" sys="System" sub="confd" name="authentication successful" user="admin" srcip="192.168.1.2" sid="8ad7bbf2781b006d99176eea9050694811e745e04acfab3dd0179620109a41ab" facility="webadmin" client="webadmin.plx" call="new"May 23 00:19:33 confd[41177]: D sys::AUTOLOAD:307() => id="3100" severity="debug" sys="System" sub="confd" name="external call" user="admin" srcip="192.168.1.2" facility="webadmin" client="webadmin.plx" lock="none" method="get_SID" 2022:05:23-00:50:24 test confd[5198]: I Session::terminate:292() => id="3100" severity="info" sys="System" sub="confd" name="closing session" user="admin" srcip="192.168.1.2" sid="8ad7bbf2781b006d99176eea9050694811e745e04acfab3dd0179620109a41ab" facility="webadmin" client="webadmin.plx" call="logout" function="logout"
从中提取出:
· authentication successful: 2022:05:23-00:19:33
· User: admin
· srcip: 192.168.1.2
· closing session: 2022:05:23-00:50:24
将以上信息同Web管理页面Management的Last WebAdmin Sessions进行比对,发现数据保持一致。
删除以上信息:
sed -i "/8ad7bbf2781b006d99176eea9050694811e745e04acfab3dd0179620109a41ab/d" /var/log/confd.log
刷新Web管理页面Management,发现该方法无法清除Last WebAdmin Sessions记录。
8.编辑数据库中存储的Session信息
查询指定sid的信息:
psql reporting -U postgres -c "SELECT sid,facility,srcip,username,time,endtime,state FROM confd_sessions WHERE sid ='8ad7bbf2781b006d99176eea9050694811e745e04acfab3dd0179620109a41ab';"
删除指定sid的信息:
psql reporting -U postgres -c "DELETE FROM confd_sessions WHERE sid ='f7cce7739e98229816be6b186ada2e2942064cbf0093e329e98939fe65d8d3e3';"
刷新Web管理页面Management,发现该方法能够清除Last WebAdmin Sessions记录(包括Changelog)。
0x04 实现方法
综合以上内容,得出清除Last WebAdmin Sessions记录的方法:清除数据库reporting中对应的记录。
具体方法如下:
1.确认Last WebAdmin Sessions记录对应的sid
读取文件/var/log/confd.log,查询命令:
cat /var/log/confd.log| grep success
从返回结果中确认Session记录的sid
2.删除sid对应的Session记录
命令示例:
psql reporting -U postgres -c "DELETE FROM confd_sessions WHERE sid ='f7cce7739e98229816be6b186ada2e2942064cbf0093e329e98939fe65d8d3e3';"
0x05 小结
本文介绍了清除Last WebAdmin Sessions记录的细节。
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